The purpose of this study is to determine the factors influencing the savings behavior of the self-employed in order to attract them to the country's pension system. Also, to contribute to the literature on saving behavior in emerging economies, namely in the study of the impact of subjective and objective factors on the selfemployed in the context of cities and villages.
Methodology. The work uses a systematic approach to the selection of data, as well as a qualitative research method, the instrument of which was a questionnaire. The data obtained were processed using the SPSS program.
Originality / value of the research. The value of the study lies in the fact that data are primary and can be a valuable source for the further development of the pension system of the Republic of Kazakhstan, as well as for attracting the self-employed in the context of cities and villages to savings for old age.
Findings. According to the study, the urban self-employed (US) is more influenced by subjective factors, and the rural self-employed (RS) by objective factors.

The purpose of the research is to analyze the current state of food security in Kazakhstan.
Methodology – the study belongs to the category of desk (marketing), collection and analysis of secondary (preliminary) information, in particular, data from the statistical collection and the website of the Bureau of National Statistics of the Agency for Strategic Planning and Reforms of the Republic of Kazakhstan of the Ministry of National Economy were used to review and analyze the indicators of the Republic Kazakhstan.
Originality / value of the research – based on the data of offi cial statistics, an analysis of the state of food security of the Republic of Kazakhstan was carried out. The role of the current state of food security in the Republic of Kazakhstan is determined and indicators such as the level of self-suffi ciency in agricultural products, production of certain types of agricultural products per capita, consumer spending on food and soft drinks on average per household, and consumer price index are analyzed.
Findings – it was revealed that the defi ning feature of an eff ective policy for the formation of food security is to provide the population with food at a level that will guarantee high-quality living conditions and life and will also allow sustainable social reproduction based on expanded production. For the sustainability of this process and the all-round satisfaction of the quality of life of citizens, it is the responsibility of the state to form an effective system for the availability of each of them in high-quality and safe food. They can contribute to the expansion of the limits of study on the development of the economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan, as well as act as a recommendatory basis for their solution.

Customers of imported brand apparel in Kazakhstan are being studied for their purchase habits due to brand image and quality.
Purpose of the research. The study's goals were to examine the impact of brand image and quality on consumer behavior. While also looking at how customer behavior affects purchasing choices.
Methodology. By its very nature, this was a qualitative investigation. Simple random selection was used to choose a sample of 500 working people in Almaty and Nur-Sultan cities for this study, although only 408 of them took part in the survey as responders. A questionnaire was utilized to obtain data from the study's participants in this study. SPSS was used to analyze the data. Correlation, regression, and SEM were used to verify the hypothesis.
Originality / value of the research. Results show that both quality and price influence consumer behavior and purchasing decisions for international apparel firms, whereas brand image has no bearing on the customer's purchase. As a result of customer behavior, it has been shown that purchasing apparel from overseas manufacturers is more likely.
Findings. The findings of this research show how customers make purchasing decisions and what the future of the garment business will look like. Aside from understanding current market trends, this study will also help estimate customers’ prospective wants, aspirations, and tendencies.

The purpose of the study is a comparative analysis of foreign experience in implementing the principles of a circular economy.
Methodology. To achieve the purpose of the study, the methods of analysis of literary sources, comparative analysis, content analysis were used. The World Bank classification of countries by income was applied.
The originality / value of the research. The originality of the work lies in a comparative analysis of the circular economy principles implementation among 15 foreign countries, which were selected and divided into three groups according to the 2021 World Bank income classification of countries. Measures to promote and achieve the circular economy were researched and analyzed, including government strategies, national programs, projects, successful cases and others.
Findings. This article analyzed government programs and policies, regulations, and case studies of countries in three groups in terms of per capita income: high, upper-middle, and lower-middle income. Based on the experience of foreign countries of the world, measures for the introduction of a circular economy were investigated and classified.

Purpose of the research is to analyze the tourism market in Kazakhstan in order to identify the degree of impact of the global pandemic on the industry, determine its economic efficiency in the difficult postpandemic period for the industry, and develop recommendations that contribute to the restoration of the tourism market.
Methodology. The authors used a systematic approach in studying the efficiency of the tourism market and attracting investment in the industry, methods of statistical, economic and comparative analysis and synthesis, the induction method. A set of economic indicators for the development of the tourism sector was applied and analyzed on the basis of statistical data and measuring tools, which make it possible to obtain the necessary data in the calculation process. The theoretical basis of the study was the work of domestic and foreign scientists on economic development and the impact of the pandemic on the tourism industry. And also the Concepts and policy documents of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the field of development of the tourism sector and its regional programs were considered.
Originality / value of the research. The value of the article lies in the fact that, based on the study and analysis of statistical materials, an attempt was made to show the extent of the crisis in the tourism sector of Kazakhstan. In the article, the authors focused on measures to support the state, professional associations for the tourism business.
Findings. The analysis revealed new trends in the development of the industry: there have been certain changes in the motivation for choosing the direction of travel, reorientation to domestic tourism and the sector of sanatorium and resort services, approaches are also changing to the organization of the tourism business, the use of digital technologies has been expanded, and the focus has shifted to ensuring the safety of services and accommodation for tourists.

Research methodology. When conducting the study, the authors used methods of systematic, abstract, comparative research, analysis of quantitative data, as a result of surveys using the R program, models were created.
The originality / value of the research. During the research, the authors processed data on the fi nancial statements of a particular company and presented them in the form of tables and diagrams.
The value of the study is determined by:
- the essence and meaning of the concepts "potential", "labor potential" are considered, the relationship with the category of labor productivity is investigated;
- analyzed indicators on labor resources, composition, movement of «Saule» LLP;
- the indicators of the use of labor resources of the enterprise are analyzed;
- the factors infl uencing the composition of labor potential are determined;
- ways of increasing the effi ciency of using labor potential are proposed.
Findings. The main ways to improve the effi ciency of using the labor potential of the organization:
- improvement of personnel work (selection and distribution of employees, personnel accounting) ;
- adaptation of a new specialist to work;
- study of the level of satisfaction of the company's employees with working time, working conditions;
- motivation of work.
One of the important ways to improve the use of labor potential at the enterprise is not only the development of production processes, the improvement of automation, but also the improvement of socio-psychological factors aff ecting the effi ciency of the use of labor.

Purpose of the research is to study the mechanisms used to ensure the sustainable development of the company based on strategic competitive advantages on the example of the «Kazpost» company.
Methodology. The research uses: a methodology based on the application of general scientific methods to ensure sustainable development of the company and methods of strategic management for the development of strategic competitive advantages; statistical methods for analyzing the state and development of a company and methods of expert assessments to determine the prospects for the company's development, to identify strategic competitive advantages applied in practice.
The originality / value of the research lies in the fact that the proposed methodology and algorithm for the formation of a sustainable development mechanism make it possible to ensure the sustainable development of the company under study. The highlighted and described basic components of the sustainable development mechanism of the company «Kazpost» JSC make it possible to effectively analyze, evaluate and implement the principles of sustainable development of this company.
Findings. The main results of the research are: a scheme for compiling a list of tasks to ensure the sustainable development of the company; methods of forming a mechanism for sustainable development of the company based on the design of management innovations and benchmarking; highlighting the basic components of the sustainable development mechanism and defining the sustainable development mechanism of the company «Kazpost» JSC.

The article systematizes the methods of neuromarketing research and presents the results of an applied study using neuromarketing equipment.
The purpose of the study was to reveal the concept and systematization of neuromarketing tools and methods and to interpret the results of applied neuromarketing research.
Research methodology – applied desk research, used secondary information, theoretical sources, the method of grouping and ranking, as well as neuromarketing research using FaceReading. The theoretical basis for the study was the works of domestic and foreign scientists on the topic of the study.
Originality / value of the research – an attempt is made to systematize the methods and tools of neuromarketing research, to understand the possibilities and ways of application in practical marketing activities on the basis of an integrated approach that takes into account both the opinion of theorists and the author's vision and demonstration of the application of neuromarketing research in applied activities.
The results of the study - the methods of neuromarketing research are briefly presented and with the help of neuromarketing equipment, an assessment of emotional perception to the platforms used in online education is carried out. The differences between methods based on brain activity, visualization methods and implicit methods that measure brain activity are presented.

The purpose of this research is to analyze what is the value in project management, how it is measures and to consider what the standard says regarding this new field of interest in project management.
Methodology. Desk research was carried out by applying the literature review and analyzing the Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK) [1].
Originality / value of the research. The value of this paper lies in the enrichment of the understanding of project value management by applying concepts from general value theory and project management.
Findings. The research findings suggests that value added to the new 7th edition of PMBOK as one of the 12 principles but there is no information regarding how it can be created at different stages of the project and assessed. There is no universal value measurement methods of projects both in practice and in PMBOK as well as there is no method for determination and measuring intangible value.

The article reveals the results of the analysis of the dynamics of a number of indicators of the standard of living in the light of the implementation of state regulation measures in the last five years. The analyzed period is characterized by a significant level of macroeconomic risks, a serious impact of global challenges and high uncertainty.
The purpose of the research is to draw up a map of target indicators of the dynamics of the standard of living, based on current trends in the strengthening of epidemiological, social and environmental risks.
The methodology of the research includes an analysis of the dynamics of indicators of the standard of living in the Almaty region in the time horizon of 2017-2021.
Originality / value of the research. The value of the research is expressed in the formation of a risk map for reducing the indicators of the standard of living of the Almaty region, which can serve as a basis for further scientific and applied research in the field of improving the effectiveness of measures of state regulation of the standard of living. The assessment of the complex of prolonged risks in relation to the dynamics of the standard of living of the Almaty region in connection with the pandemic of coronavirus infection is given for the first time in the framework of this research.
Findings. The resulting assessment is proposed in the form of a map of target indicators characterizing the composition, main features, degree of risk and characteristics of the main trends in the development of determining factors.

The paper considers the basic aspects of providing conditions for the growth of the national economy based on the efforts concentration of the protomiddle class development.
Purpose of the research: to provide rationale of the identification need of the protomiddle class as a trigger for the growth of the national economy in the current conditions, aggravated by the consequences of the impact of the pandemic.
Methodology: in the process of research, methods of logical (comparison of various results of the analysis with each other, to identify their interconnection); statistical (identification of trends and tendencies that serve as arguments for the recommendations); qualitative (conducting a critical literature review of basic scientific and business research); and quantitative methods were used (calculation of absolute and relative deviations, substantiating the problem of the lack of criteria for the protomiddle class) analysis, as well as graphical methods for visualizing the results of the study were provided.
Originality / value of the research lies in the systematization of data to substantiate the need of creating conditions for the protomiddle class development as a trigger for the growth of the national economy. The paper assesses the average income per capita of the population and compares its findings with data on average monthly wages, household expenditures and the subsistence minimum. The findings show a significant gap between international standards for assessing the middle class and Kazakhstani criteria.
Findings of the research are provided in recommendations on the need of the category of «protomiddle class» identification, for further economic and financial conditions development as a trigger for the growth of the national economy.