STATE AND BUSINESS: THEORY AND PRACTICE OF MANAGEMENT
Purpose of research – conceptualize and systematically study theoretical aspects of public regulation of scientific personnel mobility based on study of approaches to regulating intellectual migration processes.
Research methodology was based on the contemporary theory of migration in national dimension. Also, within the framework of this study, it is possible to identify the main conceptual model of intellectual migration policy of the state, where the system model was chosen as the basis. In addition, methods of public administration/regulation and political science analysis were widely used, such as comparative-political science method, system approach, institutional analysis, and predictive method.
Originality/value of research lies in the fact that on the basis of a systematic study of theoretical-methodological aspects of scientific personnel mobility and intellectual migration, the main approaches to public regulation are identified and knowledge in this area is systematized.
Findings – it was identified that public regulation of scientific personnel mobility and intellectual migration should be systematic and implemented primarily on the basis of conceptual shifts in migration policy, accompanied by various mechanisms for attracting highly-skilled scientists, taking into account needs of different countries' economies and creating favorable conditions for their activities.
The purpose of the study is to substantiate the concept of introducing project-oriented management in state bodies of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
Methodology – in the scientific work, a systems approach, a toolkit for contextual and causal analysis were used.
Originality / value of the work: the scientific and practical significance of the work lies in the fact that the proposed substantiated concept will reduce risks and improve the quality of project implementation in government bodies, increase the satisfaction of stakeholders of projects of government bodies. The developed concept can be used to develop implementation algorithms for project-oriented management in specific government bodies of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Findings are viewed in substantiating the author’s model of a project-oriented management system and substantiating the author’s concept of introducing project-oriented management. The study is of scientific value, as it makes a certain contribution to the development of project management in government bodies.
Purpose of the study. To study the system of state support for Kazakhstani producers and develop recommendations for improving its mechanisms.
Methodology. The implementation of the tasks is based on General scientific methods of knowledge and methods of experimental and theoretical level, which allow to determine the problems, expected results of the import substitution policy and methods of achieving them. The main information base of the study was data from the statistics Committees of the Ministry of national economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Register of goods, works and services used in conducting operations on subsoil use, scientific works of domestic and foreign researchers.
Originality / value of the research. The impact of state support on improving the competitiveness of domestic producers by stimulating local content is currently insignificant, since there are significant barriers to increasing the effect. The theory and methodology of formation and development of the system of state support for local producers in Kazakhstan is in the process of formation.
Findings. The proposed recommendations can help increase local content in production, and are aimed at determining the list of existing production opportunities in the country.
Purpose of the research is study the theoretical aspects of regulation process from the state and pace of innovation development of urban agglomerations, to develop recommendations to address and improve issues of transition to new qualitative level in the innovative development regulation of urban agglomerations.
Methodology – general scientific methods such as synthesis, analysis, comparison, and generalization. The originality / value of the research is determined by studying the levels and effectiveness of public regulation of innovative development of urban agglomerations in Kazakhstan. The potential of urban agglomerations is associated with the use of opportunities for innovative and technological development in achieving state and regional goals.
Findings – analysis of the rating indicators on volume of innovative products produced in the Republic of Kazakhstan, level of innovative activity of enterprises, rating indicators of Kazakhstan in the Global innovation index (GII) for the period 2017-2019 was carried out, and the main problems were identified.
Conclusion – analyzing the main factors, recommendations were made taking into account the existing barriers and problems in the field of regulation of innovation activity.
The purpose of the study is to analyze the implementation of the directions and principles of the development program «Almaty – 2020» and the impact on satisfaction of life of the local population with the quality.
Methodology – the methodological basis of the article is the study of official information from open sources of state and other bodies, the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan, scientific articles and the experience of foreign countries.
Originality / value of the research – the management mechanisms implemented in the state planning system are mainly aimed at the regional level. The quality of public services provided by the state determines the satisfaction of the population with the quality of life. At the same time, the developed methods of interaction should not have a vertical form of management, since they are aimed at the satisfaction of residents, not local officials.
Findings – as a result of the identified «bottlenecks», there is a need to develop a proposal to revise the evaluation criteria and methods for developing territorial development programs, taking into account foreign experience, aimed at satisfying the local population with living conditions.
NATIONAL ECONOMY: DEVELOPMENT VECTORS
The purpose of this study is to examine under and overvaluation in top public companies in Kazakhstan and affect on behavioral approach to corporate finance, in the case incorrect valuation.
Methodology. We choosed of six listed companies between the years 2015-2018. We test the three hypotheses via a statistica analysis; all quantitative data were collected from audited financial annual reports.
Originality / value of the research. This study is the first to investigate the relationship between incorrect valuation and corporate decision in emerging markets such as Kazakhstan.
Findings. The analysis reveal that equity issuance and total financing by firms increase with equity overvaluation. Literature review part covers the theories regarding the relationship between over/undervaluation equity and financing decisions. Based on the theory three hypotheses are created. Our evidence supports the hypothesis that over valuation and under valuation equity affects financing decisions.
Conclusion. This research paper showed that firms raise more capital and especially issue more equity, when their shares are overvalued.
Purpose of research. The purpose of this article is to develop the author's interpretation of the nature of structural changes in the economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan. To this end, the authors conclude that the structure of the economy as a complex system demonstrates the properties of complex systems, as well as the properties of the organization. The authors study the logical sequence of processes that determine structural adjustment in General, analyze the industry proportions in the economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
Methodology. The article was written using the method of correlation and regression analysis. Data visualization and calculations were performed using the statistical data processing program R.
Əдіснамасы. The paper analyzes the structure of the economy, highlights the trends of structural changes in the period from 1990 to 2019. The most important is the calculation of coefficients of structural shifts based on the Gatev K., and Ryabtsev V. M. methodology and determining the most significant factors that affect the transformation of the structure of the economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
Findings. The analysis showed that the structure of the economy is more typical for the economy of the fourth technological order, while the leading countries demonstrate the sixth technological order. It is also hypothesized that the nature of structural transformations in Kazakhstan is based on globalization processes that determine the development of both «large» and «small» economies, and not the economic strategy of the state.
The purpose of this study is that the article reveals the concepts, systems, theories of human capital, as well as issues of investment in human capital. At the same time, it is emphasized that the human capital in the country should be at a high level.
Methodology. In this study, the authors developed and used a methodology for determining the level of human capital and accounting for investment conditions in it. In addition, we used methods for studying various sources of information, synthesis analysis, comparison, and formalization.
Originality / value of the research is that certain issues considered in the framework of the theory of human capital, the rationality of human investment in education, medicine, etc., have a special place in improving the economy of the state.
Findings. It was noted that the well-being and sustainable development of any state depends on the indicators of national human capital, and the trends in the development of the world economy are increasingly strengthened over time. It is proved that the economic return on investment in human resources is significantly higher than the return on investment in the material industry.
Purpose of the research – The country's food security as a key component of national security is one of the pressing issues for achieving economic independence in many countries. The article analyzes the theoretical foundations of the concept of food security.
Methodology – The article uses the methods of conducting theoretical studies of foodstuff safety; the method of comparative analysis and systematization of scientific literature.
Originality / value of the research. Studying the definitions of various scientists-economists on this issue have identified three major approaches to the formulation of the concept of food substance safeness, depending on the specific context and prevailing political issues: as a universal guarantee of product availability for the population; how the government guarantee access to food for every citizen of the country; food / economic independence of the country.
Findings. The author's vision of given term content is formulated in the article. The article presents the author's scheme of the food security system and the interaction of its components, defines the main directions of solving the problem of food security in the Republic of Kazakhstan.
The purpose of research is to identify the features and propose the ways of using economic potential based on the study of theoretical and methodological bases of economic potential assessment of the enterprise.
Methodology – during the research, there were used the methods of analysis and synthesis, systematization and grouping, method of comparative assessment.
Originality / value of the research – a comprehensive, quantitative and qualitative analysis should be carried out in order to perform a justifiable assessment of economic potential.
Findings – a number of shortcomings were identified during the study of the methods, which were used to assess the economic potential of the enterprise. The methodological basis of assessing the economic potential of enterprises was considered by authors, which makes it possible to find a solution of the given problem. In addition, a system of indicators and peculiarities of assessing the economic potential of the enterprise have been defined.
FINANCE AND ACCOUNTING
The purpose of the research is looking at issues and procedures for accounting of construction companies in Kazakhstan.
Methodology – dialectical, abstract-logical, analysis and synthesis, as well as analytical .
Originality/value – the results obtained from the study can be used in the accounting of construction companies.
Findings. Comprehensive analysis of the current economic situation in the modern construction market; features of the construction industry and its accounting organization have been identified; regulatory framework and international financial reporting standards in the field of construction have been considered.
The purpose of the study is to identify the methodological bases of the financial mechanism for the development of renewable energy in foreign practice.
The research methodology consists of methods of scientific knowledge, systematization, system analysis and structuring of scientific information; deduction method for determining the methodological bases of the financial mechanism for the development of renewable energy in foreign practice.
The originality / value of the research is due to the lack of information in foreign and domestic practice and literature on the application of the financial mechanism for the development of renewable energy as an integral system and their great importance for the accelerated development of renewable energy in Kazakhstan.
Findings was to determine the methodological bases for the formation and use of financial resources in the development of alternative energy sources projects in foreign practice, which ensured the accelerated development of renewable energy and the competitiveness of alternative energy sources.
The purpose of the study is to analyze the loan market of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Kazakhstan, which development is a priority for the country's economy.
Methodology. The study was done using the historical-logical method, system analysis, comparison, and visualization.
Originality. The authors identify the role of SMEs in the economy, determine the sources of financing and their availability, and also present trends in the development of SME financing through second-tier banks and microfinance organizations (MFIs).
The main results of the study include the following:
1) the structure of the SME sector and its impact on the economy of Kazakhstan is reviewed;
2) reasons for decrease in bank lending to the country's economy and increase in the loan portfolio of MFIs were identified;
3) implementation of FinTech and other IT technologies will make credit products more affordable and reduce costs;
4) development of new products for SMEs, introduction of benefits systems and further work on improvement of borrowers’ quality will help to attract solvent customers, support development of SMEs and increase the profit of second-tier banks and MFIs.
BUSINESS AND TOURISM
The purpose of this article is to investigate the factors affecting the reputation of a medical organization in Almaty.
The research methodology includes the construction of econometric models using primary and secondary variables. For research was used the database of healthcare organizations in Almaty and 6 organizations providing medical services were selected. Polyclinics of both state and private ownership were selected for the research. Various hypotheses were tested based on the collected data.
Originality / value of the research. Hypothesis testing results were very interesting. Firstly, the patient does not really need a doctor’s formal qualification certificate. Secondly, the gender structure of the attached population is statistically not significant, but the presence of foreign patients and oralmans. Thirdly, the qualifications of doctors and the frequency of visits to the clinic for medical services were not significant.
Findings. According to the results of the data analysis, it can be noted that some factors do not affect the reputation of the clinic and did not show a sufficiently clear picture. In this regard, it is necessary to study other influencing factors and conduct additional research using qualitative methods.
Purpose of research – conduct a comprehensive assessment of the potential of the Almaty region and identify regions that have the greatest potential and prospects for the development of health tourism.
Research methodology. A comprehensive integrated approach was used to assess the necessary resources: cartographic method, generalization of statistical data, analysis of theoretical sources, empirical method, and methods of theoretical research. Within the framework of the system paradigm, various natural and recreational resources in the context of administrative districts of Almaty region are considered as system entities that are influenced by external systems and environments.
Originality (value) of the research. For the first time conducted a comprehensive study of the tourism potential of Almaty region for the development of health tourism, identified priority areas and directions and mechanisms of realization of this direction of tourism.
Findings. The development of health tourism will affect not only the tourism sector, but will create a multiplier effect for the development of related industries; it will help to increase the investment attractiveness of the region, the development of domestic tourism.
Conclusions. Based on the comprehensive assessment of the potential of the Almaty region, promising regions for the development of health tourism have been identified. They are Almaty, Uyghur district, Alakol resort district, and Kapshagay city.
The purpose of this investigation article is development of methodological approach to the definition of integral rating of business development in regions of Kazakhstan on the base of suggested indicators, forecast business development.
Methodology – while preparing the article were used such statistic methods as use of average geometrical for defining rating of regions, trend analyses of indicators of development of small and medium-sized businesses; as a mathematical model was used evaluation with help of rating method.
The originality / value of this work is statistic analyses and possibilities of application as a development of assessment tools of business level in regions, determining integral rating of regions.
Findings: Methods of statistic analyses are applied for assessment of development in regions of the country, making up rating on the basis of average geometrical. Also were made conclusions about the necessity of proceeding work on development of digital business for small and medium-sized businesses.
In recent years, there has been a significant increase in attention to green consumer behavior with regard to organic products such as food, care products, etc. But consumer behavior towards organic medicines has not been sufficiently studied. However, organic medicines are increasingly gaining popularity among consumers.
Purpose of the research. This study focuses on understanding the factors that influence the intention to purchase organic medicines. The study also attempted to explain the role of lack of knowledge as a deterrent in the intention to purchase organic medicines.
Methodology. Data was collected in two stages and conducted both online and in an oral survey. The survey was attended by consumers of two large cities of the republic.
Originality / value of the research. The obtained results help to understand the phenomenon of choice by consumers of organic drugs, and increase the theoretical basis for research in the field of green consumer behavior.
Findings. The study identified factors that have a significant effect on the intention to purchase organic medicines. These factors include health awareness, security, trust, knowledge, country of production, price sensitivity, advertising and effectiveness and such demographic indicators as gender and the presence of children in the family. Also, more than half of the respondents consider organic medicines to be effective along with synthetic medicines.
Conclusions. Can also be used by domestic medicines manufacturers in understanding consumer behavior and improving their marketing activities.
INTELLECTUAL POTENTIAL MANAGEMENT
Purpose of the study – determining t he elemen ts of the mechanism that will further contribute to the disclosure of the modern mechanism of organizational and economic relations in the commercial ization of inte llectual property objects (hereinafter referred to as IPOs) in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Development of ways to improve and support the development of the innovation sphere in the Republic of Kazakhstan, using domestic features of the development of the intellectual property market and foreign experience of the mechanism under study.
Methodology – In the study is formed a toolbox of general economic theory, modern economic literature, various approaches to determine the mechanism of organizational and economic relations in the commercialization of intellectual property. The situational approach is used and the legislative base is structured to consider the mechanism of commercialization of intellectual property and other general scientific methods that allow to reveal the mechanism under study.
Originality / value of the research: Based on scientific approaches and analysis of the domestic legislative base, the article proposes a modern definition of the mechanism of organizational and economic relations in the commercialization of intellectual property rights, and considers a model of the mechanism.
Findings is understanding of the individual elements of the modern mechanism of organizational and economic relations during the commercialization of intellectual property in the Republic of Kazakhstan will accelerate the process of creating an innovative type of economy.
The purpose of the research – the development of leading countries of the world has led to the formation of a new economy - knowledge economy, innovation, global information systems, intellectual labor economics, science, and new technologies. Today, complex studies on various aspects of social development are relevant when Kazakhstan enters a new phase of its development. The main purpose of the research is to study the role of innovation potential today at the foreign and domestic levels, to identify the factors that affect the problem, and identify the ways of development.
The methodological basis of the study was based on a variety of modern analytical, economic and statistical analysis methods, a systematic approach, methods of analogy, comparative and expert assessments, statistical data processing.
Originality / value of the research. One of such topical issues concerning every citizen of Kazakhstan is the problem of formation and development of intellectual nation - the support of our state, the basis for further development and prosperity of our country. This problem is multifaceted, it covers many areas, such as the formation of an intellectual society in Kazakhstan, the multiplication of the national intellectual potential in the formation of a rich intellectual nation, the formation of an intellectual citizen of the country.
Findings. The article highlights its development in different countries, as well as existing problems. The ways and methods of their decision on the basis of various analytical indicators on this subject are described. The definition of intellectual potential in the interpretation of various authors is given. In this paper, the main trends in the development of the world intellectual potential in our country in the context of globalization were analyzed. The analysis of the level of intellectual property development to date, as well as the prospects that exist in this area under the influence of certain qualitative factors.
The purpose of research is to reveal the essence of the quantitative assessment of demand for intellectual property used in world practice to assess the level of intellectual and innovative activity.
Methodology – The factor model of demand assessment for Kazakhstan was calculated, the analysis of which showed that the market for intellectual property is in an unbalanced state. It is argued that the development of the market for intellectual property can be significantly affected by large-scale digitalization processes.
Originality / value of the research: Article discusses the increasing role of the factor of intellectual property in the development of economies of countries and regions. It is shown on the basis of what methods and models were calculated, the degree of use of intellectual potential for cross-country comparisons.
Comparison of such economic categories as supply and demand is analyzed.
Problem of improving methodological approaches to the analysis and forecasting of demand for intellectual property and the need for such studies to improve the methodological base based on model tools has been identified.
Findings – In general, the lack of a systematic approach to management cannot but lead to processes of increasing “blurring” of the goals and objectives of diversification, not to mention the tools and mechanisms for pursuing a balanced industrial policy. Digitalization processes in all spheres of society are an important factor in accelerating the processes of formation and development of a balanced market for intellectual property.
ISSN 2789-4401 (Online)