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Central Asian Economic Review

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No 1 (2024)
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NATIONAL ECONOMY: DEVELOPMENT VECTORS

6-22 333
Abstract

The purpose of this study is to analyze problematic issues of state planning and management. Based on an analysis of domestic and world experience in project management, it is substantiated that the transition to project management technologies in the form of national priorities and national projects does not allow adequate achievement of planned results. To effectively solve the problem of transforming the economy into an innovative one, general approaches to constructing a new methodology for the formation and implementation of state development programs with a built-in intelligent decision support system are proposed.

Methodology. Content, retrospective, comparative analyzes of documents in the field of the state planning system were used; approaches of modern theory of economic systems, information economics and its applied solutions for managing socio-economic systems, methods of economic and mathematical modeling, principles of developing decision support systems, program and project management.

The originality /value of the research lies in the development/addition of the theory and methodology of forming a management system for state development programs of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the conditions of transformation of the economy into an innovative one.

Findings. Research results. Based on the analysis, a reasoned conclusion is given that Kazakhstan has not developed a systematic view of the system of state planning and management; the applied transition to project management methods, presented in the form of national projects, does not bring the expected results, which may complicate/fail to achieve the goals of state development programs and national projects for the development of a competitive and innovative economy based on the policy of its diversification. The authors make proposals for a scientifically based approach to solving this systemic problem in the form of a new methodology for the formation and implementation of state development programs with a built-in intelligent decision support system.

22-43 304
Abstract

Purpose of the research is to identify the conditions and factors of the development of the economy of shared consumption in Kazakhstan, based on the analysis of current trends in the development of the republic in the socio-economic, demographic and information technology spheres.

The methodology is based on the use of general scientific methods, including general logical (analysis, synthesis, analogy) and theoretical (hypothetical, abstraction, generalization) methods. The study was based on the hypothesis that the development of the economy of shared consumption in the republic follows in line with global trends and is subject to the same patterns of development that take place in economically developed countries.

Originality / value of the research. For the first time, the work focuses on the analysis of conditions for the development of the economy of shared consumption in the Republic of Kazakhstan, linking them with trends in a wide range of demographic, socio-economic and information technology indicators. This contributes to a more objective assessment of the country's readiness for the development of the sharing economy. Special attention was paid to the technological component, including the analysis of the NRI network readiness index. This made it possible to identify and evaluate the technological challenges for the introduction of information and communication technologies facing Kazakhstan in the context of the development of the economy of shared consumption.

Findings. The article presents the results of an analysis of the dynamics of indicators characterizing the prerequisites for expanding the sharing economy in Kazakhstan. The authors highlight indicators such as population size, life expectancy, level of urbanization, GDP per capita and network readiness index (NRI). The analysis also covers the level of stratification of society by income. The level of stratification of society based on the volume and nature of income of the population of Kazakhstan was also analyzed. The findings indicate the existence of conditions for the accelerated development of the sharing economy in Kazakhstan, but there are weak positions in the technological support of digitalization, which requires eliminating the identified deficiencies.

44-54 301
Abstract

Purpose of the research – analyze the development of hydrocarbon and renewable energy sources in Kazakhstan and identify the potential for energy development in Kazakhstan. Understand the strategies of Kazakhstan and China on the development of energy policy and based on comparison determine the direction of future cooperation between the two countries.

Methodology – theoretical and comparative analysis methods were used in the research work. Using theoretical analysis to explore the theoretical basis of energy policy in order to better understand its relevance and implications. The method of comparative analysis helps us to better understand the similarities and differences in the environmental initiatives of the "Green Bridge" and "Green Silk Road", as well as to learn the complexities of the research subject.

Originality / value – under the "One Belt and One Road" initiative, energy cooperation is a very important element, and the active development of sustainable energy cooperation between Kazakhstan and China has positive implications and recommendations for the realization of the energy transition in both countries.

Findings – the study of the oil and gas industry and the development of renewable energy in Kazakhstan showed that there is a great potential for the development and political support of both traditional and renewable energy in Kazakhstan. Sustainable energy cooperation requires the integration of environmental initiatives of both countries, the establishment of open channels of information and the development of energy projects.

55-63 254
Abstract

The purpose of the study is to determine whether Green marketing can be a useful strategy to support the development of organic agriculture in Kazakhstan in order to be competitive with highly developed countries.

Methodology. Taking into account research data on the evolution and modern features of organic agricultural land in Kazakhstan, such research methods as synthesis, comparison and statistical analysis are used.

Originality / value of the study – in the sustainability of organic agriculture, the green marketing strategy is relevant because it has a significant impact on the development of Agriculture. This study is aimed at studying green marketing in the organic agricultural market of Kazakhstan, depending on the level.

Research results. The study identified important findings to support and empower green marketing strategies in organic agriculture. These results contribute to understanding the existing problems in the field of organic agriculture and provide recommendations for their solution.

64-79 312
Abstract

Purpose of the study is to identify the features of the demographic transition in in the Kazakhstan regions.

Methodology. The study was conducted based on a comparison of general indicators of fertility, mortality and natural increase in the regions of Kazakhstan for 2000 and 2022, as well as the age and sex structure of the population by region at the beginning of 2023. Depending on the values of general indicators of population reproduction, the regions of Kazakhstan are divided into 5 groups. A similar grouping was made according to the type of reproductive structure based on the G. Zunberg scale.

Originality / value of the research. The data obtained made it possible to assess the situation with population reproduction in the regions of Kazakhstan and classify them from the perspective of the demographic transition.

Findings. The results of the study showed both a significant discrepancy in the demographic situation between regions, and its change from 2000 to 2022. Thus, according to the general indicator of natural growth in 2000, more than a third of the regions (6 out of 16) were included in the first group (low level of natural growth), and in 2022 – only a fifth (4 regions out of 20). The results of grouping regions according to the Zunberg scale showed good comparability with the results of grouping regions according to the general coefficien of natural increase. The difference is explained by the fact that the grouping of regions according to the Zunberg scale reflects the situation that has developed in the regions over a long period of time, and the grouping of regions according to the general natural growth rate reflects the situation only for 2022.

80-91 242
Abstract

The purpose of the research: to study the development of eco-tourism in the context of sustainable development of Kazakhstan and to analyze the problems of modernization and greening of recreational and tourist infrastructure.

Methodology: the article considers the priority directions of the development of eco-tourism in the country and the ways of greening tourism activities based on the "green" economy. The research was conducted on the basis of an analytical and statistical review, expert assessment, and description.

Originality/value of the research: the priority direction of the state policy in the field of tourism is the protection of natural resources and the safety of citizens. In this regard, the development of environmental certification is aimed at providing stakeholders with valuable information and practical plans

Findings: the introduction of environmental certification programs in the development of ecotourism in Kazakhstan has a positive effect on the formation of the image of tourist areas and increases their popularity on the international market. The introduction of environmental certification systems and programs in the field of tourism as an effective way of presenting environmental information to attract new travelers contributes to understanding existing problems and making rational decisions and recommendations for the development of tourism in the regions.

STATE AND BUSINESS: THEORY AND PRACTICE OF MANAGEMENT

92-102 289
Abstract

This article presents current trends in motivation of workers, which is common for all industries.

The aim of the research is to define and compare all tendencies of labor motivation in contemporary economy.

The methodological basis of the research was summarization, grouping, comparison and generalization methods, which were used during the review of scientific literature. The method of research of current trends was applied - analysis and synthesis methods while constructing comparative table and discussing research results. By summarizing all of the founded scientific literature 5 recent trends in personnel motivation were revealed.

Originality / value of the research. Further, based on these current trends in sphere of personnel management, it is possible to develop appropriate method for motivating workers of enterprises in different fields. Its implementation will increase the productivity of workers and, in general, efficienc of production activities. Through comparative analysis of current trends across different cultures and sectors, any organization can choose more suitable motivation method based on its own characteristics.

Main findings of research are trends and their cause of occurrence, their main features and information about which industries it covered. Also, on the example of big organizations real cases of presence of tendencies were given. Furthermore, by providing a deeper analysis, information about how these trends compare across various industries and cultural backgrounds was revealed.

Keywords: 

102-117 683
Abstract

The purpose of the study: is to analyze the impact of corruption on the economic activity of the country, with special emphasis on two key aspects: social inequality and sustainable economic development. This study attempts to systematically examine how corrupt practices affect the distribution of economic resources and the capabilities of various social groups, as well as the ability of a country's economy to adapt to long-term challenges of sustainable development.

The study is aimed at identifying the mechanisms through which corruption has a negative impact on economic processes, leading to deepening social gaps and undermining the foundations of sustainable development. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of how corruption schemes can distort market incentives and resource allocation, thereby creating obstacles to innovation and the effective use of human and financial capital

Methodology: the use of quantitative and qualitative analysis, including analysis of statistical data, opinion polls and international reports.

Originality / value of the research: offering a new perspective on the mechanisms of corruption's impact on economic efficiency, investment climate and resource allocatio

Findings: identification of the negative impact of corruption on economic growth, the investment climate, and the strengthening of social inequality. Recommendations on effective fight against corruption have been proposed.

 

INVESTMENT, FINANCE AND ACCOUNTING

118-129 236
Abstract

Financial statements are an important tool for assessing the financial condition of an organization, and their distortions can have serious consequences for investors and the market. This article provides an overview of existing research on the problem of distortions and possible manipulation of indicators in the enterprise's financial statement.

The purpose of the work is to disclose the types of misstatements of financial statements, to identify the main problems because of these misstatements and to show the real consequences of presenting falsified information in case of carelessness.

The methodology of the study was the theoretical basis of the conceptual apparatus on the distortion of financial statements and its types, a literary review, data collection as a result of statistical research of the authors. The research methods are described in more detail in the chapter below.

The originality / value of the study shows how deplorable the results of the business sphere can be because of falsification of work. This is a moving lever for improving methods of detecting distortions in financial statements. The article touches on the importance of conducting regular audits, increasing employee qualification requirements, and regulating regulatory laws and regulations for economic entities. However, this is only a small part for creating methods to eradicate falsified information.

Findings. The results of the study are disclosed in the final part, showing the output of the collected data based on a survey of international firms according to the American global portals with a description of the consequences that may arise for business and investors of an economic entity.

129-142 235
Abstract

Purpose of the research: to consider the characteristic features of crisis management and the directions for improving the management accounting of Emirates Airline.

Methodology: in the course of the study, methods of statistical assessment, the method of expert assessments, as well as the method of comparison, analytical, tabular, graphical were used.

Originality / value of the study: the study expands the limited theoretical knowledge about crisis management in modern airlines, studying the features of crisis management on the example of Emirates Airline, and offers practical recommendations for improving management accounting.

Findings are concluded in the development of recommendations for improving the anti-crisis management and management accounting of Emirates Airline. These recommendations can also be partially applied to improve the activities of other airlines.

As a result of writing the article, the main concept was that the optimal operation of airlines depends on the effectiveness of crisis management. The article substantiates the expanded content of the concept of Emirates anti-crisis management, which allows the use of its tools not only at the crisis stage, but also at the pre-crisis stage, that is, at the first manifestations of factors leading to a radical disruption of the normal functioning and development of the organization

The article concludes that a characteristic feature of the current stage of market transformations in airlines is that organizations operate in an unfavorable external environment and are in a state of crisis. The main success factor in the process of an organization's recovery from crisis is the development and implementation of an anti-crisis management strategy for the organization.

142-154 304
Abstract

The purpose of the study. The purpose of the study is to assess the effectiveness of measures of state support for SMEs in Kazakhstan, including financial support, subsidizing interest rates and guaranteeing loans. The study is aimed at analyzing the impact of these measures on the development and innovative activity of SMEs in the country. The analysis will also include an assessment of which sectors of the economy are most actively using state support and which factors may affect its effectiveness. As a result of the study, an assessment of the current situation will be given and recommendations will be made to improve measures of state support for SMEs in Kazakhstan in order to further stimulate their development and innovation activity.

Research methodology. Various methods were used in the study, including historical analysis, dialectical approach, monographic and graphic methods. The indicators provided by the Damu Entrepreneurship Development Fund JSC, the National Bank of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Bureau of National Statistics of the ASPR of the Republic of Kazakhstan for the period from 2011 to 2022 were used as initial data.

Originality / value of the research. The study focuses on the assessment of specific state support measures and their impact on the development of small and medium-sized enterprises. This allows you to determine how successfully these measures achieve their goals.

Findings. The results of the study showed the success of state support of entrepreneurship in the technological sphere in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Particular attention is paid to the context of Kazakhstan, where measures to support technological startups and innovative projects are being actively implemented.

154-164 239
Abstract

The purpose of the study is to conduct a comparative analysis and assessment of the impact of investment activity and its impact on the competitive development of the manufacturing industry using the example of the Karaganda region.

The research methodology is comparative analysis, comprehensive and systematic methods for assessing initial data.

Originality / value of the research – comparative analysis and assessment of the impact of investment activities on the development of the manufacturing industry will allow us to develop regulated scenarios and monitor the sustainable and competitive development of the region in the implementation of a comprehensive plan for socio-economic development and a regional development plan.

The results of the study are an analysis and assessment of the significance of investments in the development of the manufacturing industry and the growth of the index of economic complexity of goods.



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ISSN 2789-4398 (Print)
ISSN 2789-4401 (Online)