Improving supply chain security through logistics risk management

Research objective. To conduct a comparative analysis of logistics risks in Kazakhstan and the USA, identifying key vulnerabilities, assessing their impact on supply chains, and developing specialized risk management strategies.

Methodology. A mixed-method approach was used: quantitative analysis (World Bank LPI, trade statistics) and qualitative expert interviews. Applied SWOT analysis, risk mapping, and comparative assessment. Theoretical framework includes Sheffi (2022), ADB/WTO reports, state programs ("Nurly Zhol").

Originality/value. A comparative risk matrix for differently developed economies was created. Practical significance is evidenced by calculations: $2.1B rail gauge standardization reduces delays by 30%; NIST compliance cuts cyber incidents by 70%.

Results. Structural disparities were identified:

 - Kazakhstan: infrastructure gaps (22% roads meet standards), geopolitical risks (68% EU transit via Russia);

- USA: cyber threats ($4.3M damage/incident), climate risks ($18B annual losses).

Priority solutions: for KZ – developing "Middle Corridor", for USA – port cybersecurity.

This study contributes to the existing body of knowledge by providing a comparative analysis of logistical risk factors in different economic contexts (notably Kazakhstan and the USA) and proposing a novel integrated theoretical and methodological framework for risk assessment and management tailored for industrial enterprises.

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