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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">caer</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Central Asian Economic Review</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Central Asian Economic Review</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2789-4398</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2789-4401</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Университет Нархоз</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52821/2789-4401-2026-3-196-209</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">caer-1870</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИНВЕСТИЦИИ, ФИНАНСЫ И УЧЕТ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INVESTMENT, FINANCE AND ACCOUNTING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Финансирование системы здравоохранения Казахстана: современные вызовы и пути совершенствования</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Financing of the Healthcare System in Kazakhstan: Current Challenges and Ways for Improvement</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5154-4943</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Омирбаева</surname><given-names>Б. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Omirbayeva</surname><given-names>B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Омирбаева Б.С . – доктор PhD, главный эксперт отдела анализа экономической политики,</p><p>ул. Бейбитшилик, 4, 010000, Астана.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Astana.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bibigulomirbayeva@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1550-4063</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жакупов</surname><given-names>Е. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhakupov</surname><given-names>E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Жакупов Е.К. - доктор PhD, руководитель отдела глобальной экономики и устойчивого развития,</p><p>ул. Бейбитшилик, 4, 010000, Астана.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Astana.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Казахстанский институт стратегических исследований при Президенте РК</institution><country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazakhstan Institute for Strategic Studies under the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan</institution><country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>10</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>196</fpage><lpage>209</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Омирбаева Б.С., Жакупов Е.К., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Омирбаева Б.С., Жакупов Е.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Omirbayeva B., Zhakupov E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://caer.narxoz.kz/jour/article/view/1870">https://caer.narxoz.kz/jour/article/view/1870</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования проанализировать проблемные аспекты действующей модели финансирования здравоохранения Казахстана, выявить ключевые институциональные и экономические ограничения и обосновать целесообразность перехода к финансированию на основе Единого подушевого норматива (ЕПН) как инструмента повышения эффективности, финансовой устойчивости и ориентированности системы на результат.</p><p>Методология в работе применены методы сравнительного и ретроспективного анализа, системного подхода, изучения медико-статистических данных за 1990-2024 годы, а также институциональный анализ механизмов финансирования и сопоставления с международной практикой. Таким образом, исследование направлено не на оценку клинических эффектов, а на анализ институционально-финансовых стимулов и перераспределения ресурсов при переходе к модели ЕПН.</p><p>Оригинальность / ценность исследования показана связь между конфигурацией финансовых стимулов и результативностью системы здравоохранения, обоснованы преимущества перехода к ЕПН для укрепления ПМСП и более рационального использования ресурсов. Научная значимость исследования заключается в институциональной интерпретации ЕПН как инструмента стратегической закупки, а не только механизма подушевой оплаты.</p><p>Результаты исследования в ходе исследования было выявлено, что действующая модель финансирования ориентирована на освоение бюджета и не стимулирует профилактику, что приводит к фрагментарности оказания помощи, искусственному завышению доли экстренности госпитализаций, перепотреблению консультативно-диагностических услуг и низкой эффективности ПМСП. Предложен переход к ЕПН, предусматривающему финансирование ПМСП с учетом оплаты услуг других уровней для прикрепленного населения, что позволит снизить необоснованные госпитализации, усилить профилактику и улучшить доступность помощи в удаленных регионах.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Purpose of the research to analyze the problematic aspects of the current healthcare financing model in Kazakhstan, identify key institutional and economic constraints, and substantiate the feasibility of transitioning to a Unified Per Capita Payment Mechanism (UPCPM) as a tool to enhance efficiency, financial sustainability, and outcome-oriented performance of the healthcare system.</p><p>Methodology the study employs comparative and retrospective analysis, a systems approach, and the examination of medical and statistical data for the period 1990-2024, as well as an institutional analysis of healthcare financing mechanisms and their comparison with international practices. Accordingly, the research focuses not on clinical outcomes, but on institutional and financial incentives and resource allocation patterns associated with the transition to the UPCPM.</p><p>Originality / value of the research the study demonstrates the relationship between the configuration of financial incentives and healthcare system performance, and substantiates the advantages of transitioning to the UPCPM to strengthen primary healthcare (PHC) and promote more efficient resource use. The scientific contribution lies in the institutional interpretation of the UPCPM not merely as a capitation payment tool, but as a mechanism of strategic purchasing.</p><p>Findings the study reveals that the current financing model is predominantly oriented toward budget execution rather than outcomes, which contributes to fragmented service delivery, a high share of emergency hospitalizations, overuse of diagnostic services, and low efficiency of primary healthcare. The paper proposes a transition to the UPCPM, under which PHC financing incorporates the costs of services delivered at other levels of care for the enrolled population, thereby reducing unjustified hospitalizations, strengthening prevention, and improving access to healthcare services in remote regions.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>финансирование здравоохранения</kwd><kwd>подушевое финансирование</kwd><kwd>первичная медико-санитарная помощь</kwd><kwd>ресурсоэффективность</kwd><kwd>ОСМС</kwd><kwd>ГОБМП</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>healthcare financing</kwd><kwd>capitation</kwd><kwd>primary healthcare</kwd><kwd>resource efficiency</kwd><kwd>mandatory social health insurance</kwd><kwd>guaranteed volume of free medical care</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">H. Barroy, M. Blecher, &amp; J. 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