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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">caer</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Central Asian Economic Review</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Central Asian Economic Review</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2789-4398</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2789-4401</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Университет Нархоз</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52821/2789-4401-2025-6-196-212</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">caer-1681</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЦИФРОВАЯ ЭКОНОМИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DIGITAL ECONOMY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Роль генеративного искусственного интеллекта на рынке труда: обзор литературы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The role of generative artificial intelligence on labor market: literature review</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0715-2141</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жанабай</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhanabay</surname><given-names>A. Е.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алматы</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zhanabay Aminat Erkebekkyzy – PhD student.</p><p>Almaty</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aminat.zhanabay@narxoz.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7119-7400</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Елшибаев</surname><given-names>Р. K.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yelshibayev</surname><given-names>R. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алматы</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yelshibayev Rakhimzhan Kamytbekovich – Сandidate of Economic Sciences, Professor.</p><p>Almaty</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rakymzhan.elshibaev@narxoz.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0903-7796</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ислам</surname><given-names>Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Islam</surname><given-names>R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кедах</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Reazul Islam – PhD, Professor, School of Business and Social Sciences, Albukhary International University, Alor Setar.</p><p>Kedah</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">reazul.islam@aiu.edu.my</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Университет Нархоз<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Narxoz University<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Международный университет имени Альбухари<country>Малайзия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Albukhary International University<country>Malaysia</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>196</fpage><lpage>212</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Жанабай А.Е., Елшибаев Р.K., Ислам Р., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Жанабай А.Е., Елшибаев Р.K., Ислам Р.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zhanabay A.Е., Yelshibayev R.K., Islam R.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://caer.narxoz.kz/jour/article/view/1681">https://caer.narxoz.kz/jour/article/view/1681</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. В этом систематическом обзоре литературы рассматривается роль искусственного интеллекта на рынке труда и его эффективность с точки зрения производительности и результатов трудоустройства.</p></sec><sec><title>Методология</title><p>Методология. Мы проанализировали последние исследования, проведенные в период с 2020 по 2025 год в глобальном и региональном контекстах, чтобы оценить, как внедрение искусственного интеллекта влияет на создание рабочих мест, перемещение персонала и состав рабочей силы. Цель состояла в том, чтобы обобщить современные данные о том, улучшает ли искусственный интеллект человеческий труд или автоматизирует его, и при каких условиях. Используя систематическую методологию, мы проанализировали 17 ключевых публикаций из рецензируемых научных журналов.</p><p>Оригинальность / ценность исследования. Наш обзор показывает, что чистое влияние ИИ на занятость до сих пор было скромным, и явных свидетельств массовой безработицы, вызванной ИИ, не было. Однако автоматизация, основанная на ИИ, имеет неравномерный эффект: она вытесняет некоторые рутинные и низкоквалифицированные рабочие места, в то же время создавая новые возможности для высококвалифицированной работы, что способствует поляризации рынка труда. Примечательно, что ИИ, как правило, дополняет и повышает производительность квалифицированных работников, в то время как низкоквалифицированные рабочие места подвергаются более высокому риску автоматизации.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты исследования</title><p>Результаты исследования. В ходе нашего обсуждения мы выделяем сходящее. Широко распространенное мнение о том, что искусственный интеллект требует повышения квалификации рабочей силы и политической поддержки, наряду с расходящимися результатами, такими как противоречивые данные о создании новых рабочих мест в разных контекстах. Метаанализ литературы свидетельствует о растущем интересе к исследованиям в 2023-2025 годах и сосредоточении внимания в основном на странах с развитой экономикой. Наконец, мы обсуждаем последствия: хотя искусственный интеллект может повышать производительность труда и создавать ценность, необходимы активные меры для обеспечения того, чтобы эти достижения трансформировались в широкие преимущества при трудоустройстве. В обзоре выявлены пробелы в исследованиях, такие как ограниченное количество исследований в странах с низким уровнем дохода и долгосрочных генеративных эффектов ИИ, а также подчеркивается важность политики для управления переходом рабочей силы с использованием ИИ. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>The purpose of the study</title><p>The purpose of the study. This systematic literature review examines the role of AI in the labor market and its effectiveness in terms of productivity and employment outcomes.</p></sec><sec><title>Methodology</title><p>Methodology. We reviewed recent studies from 2020 to 2025 across global and regional contexts to assess how AI adoption influences job creation, displacement, and workforce composition. The objective was to synthesize current evidence on whether AI augments human labor or automates it away, and under what conditions. Using a systematic methodology, we analyzed 17 key publications from peer-reviewed academic journals.</p></sec><sec><title>Originality / value</title><p>Originality / value. Our review finds that AI’s net impact on employment has so far been modest, with no clear evidence of mass unemployment caused by AI. However, AI-driven automation has uneven effects: it displaces certain routine and low-skill jobs while creating new possibilities for high-skill tasks, thus contributing to labor market polarization. Notably, AI tends to complement and enhance the productivity of skilled employees, whereas low-skilled roles face significant automation risk.</p></sec><sec><title>Findings</title><p>Findings. In our discussion, we highlight the following findings: agreement that AI demands workforce upskilling and policy support, alongside divergent results, for example, conflicting evidence on net job creation in different contexts. A meta-analysis of the literature reveals surging research interest in 2023–2025 and a focus largely on advanced economies. Finally, we discuss implications: while AI can enhance labor productivity and create value, proactive measures are needed to ensure these gains translate into broad-based employment benefits. The review identifies research gaps such as limited studies in low-income countries and long-term generative AI effects and underscores the importance of policies to manage AI’s workforce transition.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>искусственный интеллект</kwd><kwd>рынок труда</kwd><kwd>трансформация рабочих мест</kwd><kwd>автоматизация рабочих мест</kwd><kwd>тенденции занятости</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>artificial intelligence</kwd><kwd>labor market</kwd><kwd>job transformation</kwd><kwd>job automation</kwd><kwd>employment trends</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">OECD. Employment Outlook 2020: Worker Security and the COVID-19 Crisis. Paris: OECD Publishing, 2020. – DOI 10.1787/19991266</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">OECD. (2020). Employment Outlook 2020: Worker security and the COVID-19 crisis. 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