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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">caer</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Central Asian Economic Review</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Central Asian Economic Review</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2789-4398</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2789-4401</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Университет Нархоз</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52821/2789-4401-2025-5-169-181</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">caer-1596</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИНВЕСТИЦИИ, ФИНАНСЫ И УЧЕТ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INVESTMENT, FINANCE AND ACCOUNTING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сети пирингового кредитования (P2P) на краудфандинговых платформах: перспективы развития в Казахстане</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Peer-to-peer (P2P) lending networks on crowdfunding platforms: development perspectives in Kazakhstan</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1540-6973</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бекмухаметова</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bekmukhametova</surname><given-names>A. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алматы </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bekmukhametova A.B. – candidate of economic sciences </p><p>Almaty </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sultasem@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2004-0603</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ниеталина</surname><given-names>Г. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Niyetalina</surname><given-names>G. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алматы </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Niyetalina G.K. – candidate of economic sciences, associate professor </p><p>Almaty </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gniyetalina@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9073-3053</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Медуханова</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Medukhanova</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алматы </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Medukhanova L.A. – candidate of economic sciences </p><p>Almaty </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">letter3@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Казахский Национальный Университет им. аль-Фараби<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Al-Farabi Kazakh National University<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Университет Туран<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Turan University<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>169</fpage><lpage>181</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бекмухаметова А.Б., Ниеталина Г.К., Медуханова Л.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бекмухаметова А.Б., Ниеталина Г.К., Медуханова Л.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bekmukhametova A.B., Niyetalina G.K., Medukhanova L.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://caer.narxoz.kz/jour/article/view/1596">https://caer.narxoz.kz/jour/article/view/1596</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Целью написания статьи является оценка эффективности современного состояния и развития альтернативного финансирования через краудфандинговую платформуы, представление понятийного аппарата краудфандинга, краудфандинговой платформы и площадки. Дать характеристику краудфандинга и сети P2P-кредитования, как способа вложения денежных средств при краудфандинговом финансировании.</p></sec><sec><title>Методология</title><p>Методология. В ходе исследования применены метод сравнительного анализа, обощение, абстрактно-логистический метод, метод системного анализа, анализ причин и последствий, а также монографический и статистический анализ данных. Исследование основано на данных Международного финансового центра «Астана» (AIFC), Агентства по регулированию финансовых услуг (AFSA) и Министерства национальной экономики Республики Казахстан за период 2020–2025 гг. Статистические данные были собраны из официальных отчетов, реестров платформ и нормативных публикаций. Надежность данных была обеспечена путем перекрестной проверки нескольких официальных источников, а весь процесс сбора и анализа данных соответствовал принципам научной этики. Также были использованы данные о деятельности краудфандинговых платформ iKapitalist, Proportunity, InvestRoom и GoCrowd. Надежность и научная обоснованность результатов обеспечены перекрестной проверкой данных из нескольких источников и соблюдением этических норм.</p><p>Оригинальность / ценность исследования. Развитию предприятий малого и среднего предпринимательства, реализующих проекты в приоритетных отраслях, способствует не только обеспечение доступа к традиционным источникам финансирования таким, как банковское кредитования, выпуск акции и облигации, но и использование альтернативных механизмов инвестирования, как краудфандинг, краудинвестинг, краудлендинг. Недостаток финансовых ресурсов существенно ограничивает дальнейшую деятельность малых и средних предприятии. Использование краудфандингового финансирования и P2P-кредитования открывает новые горизонты развития малого и среднего предпринимательства в Казахстане. Предложения, содержащие в статье, могут быть применены как механизм поддержки малого и среднего бизнеса, а также как способ увеличения финансирования мелких и средних предприятий. Рассмотрено законодательные регулирования при краудфандинговом финансировании, актуального использования краудфандинга как важного инструмента поддержки инновационных проектов физических и юридических лиц.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты исследования</title><p>Результаты исследования. Использования краудфандингового финансирования и P2P-кредитования открывает новые горизонты развития малого и среднего предпринимательства в Казахстане. Предложения, содержащие в статье, могут быть применены как механизм поддержки малого и среднего бизнеса, а также как способ увеличения финансирования мелких и средних предприятий. Рассмотрено законодательное регулирование при краудфандинговом финансировании, актуального использования краудфандинга как важного инструмента поддержки инновационных проектов физических и юридических лиц. Сравнительный анализ моделей краудфандинга в Казахстане выявил их различные преимущества и ограничения. Краудлендинг — наиболее быстрорастущая модель, обеспечивающая МСБ доступ к краткосрочному капиталу по ставкам ниже банковских. Краудинвестинг позволяет инвесторам приобретать доли в компаниях и получать более высокую потенциальную прибыль, но сопряжён с большими рисками. P2P-кредитование, хотя и остаётся на ранней стадии развития в Казахстане, предоставляет прямой механизм финансирования между физическими лицами без посредников, но в значительной степени пока не регулируется.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Purpose of the research</title><p>Purpose of the research. The purpose of this article is to assess the effectiveness of the current state and development of alternative financing through crowdfunding platforms, to define the conceptual framework of crowdfunding, crowdfunding platforms, and marketplaces, and to characterize crowdfunding and peer-to-peer (P2P) lending networks as a way of investing funds. The research aims to analyze the comparative effectiveness of different crowdfunding models (crowdlending, crowdinvesting, and P2P lending) in Kazakhstan and provide practical recommendations for their development.</p></sec><sec><title>Methodology</title><p>Methodology. The research employs comparative analysis, synthesis, abstract-logical methods, system analysis, cause-and-effect analysis, as well as monographic and statistical data analysis. The study is based on data from the Astana International Financial Centre (AIFC), the Astana Financial Services Authority (AFSA), and the Ministry of National Economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan for the period 2020–2025. Statistical data were collected from official reports, platform registries, and regulatory publications. Data reliability was ensured through cross-verification of multiple official sources, and all data collection and analysis adhered to principles of scientific ethics. Data on crowdfunding platforms such as iKapitalist, Proportunity, InvestRoom, and GoCrowd were also utilized. Cross-checking of multiple data sources and adherence to ethical standards ensured the reliability and scientific validity of the results.</p></sec><sec><title>Originality / value</title><p>Originality / value. The development of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) implementing projects in priority industries is facilitated not only by access to traditional sources of financing, such as bank loans, stock issuance, and bonds, but also by the use of alternative investment mechanisms such as crowdfunding, crowdinvesting, and crowdlending. The lack of financial resources significantly limits the further activities of small and medium-sized enterprises.</p></sec><sec><title>Findings</title><p>Findings. The use of crowdfunding financing and P2P lending opens new horizons for the development of SMEs in Kazakhstan. The proposals in this article can be applied as a mechanism for supporting SMEs and increasing funding for small and medium-sized enterprises. The article also discusses the legal regulation of crowdfunding financing and the relevance of using crowdfunding as an essential tool to support innovative projects for both individuals and legal entities. The comparative analysis of crowdfunding models in Kazakhstan reveals distinct advantages and limitations. Crowdlending is the fastest-growing model, enabling SMEs to access short-term capital with lower interest rates than banks. Crowdinvesting allows investors to acquire equity stakes, offering higher potential returns but involving greater risks. P2P lending, while still underdeveloped in Kazakhstan, provides a direct mechanism for financing between individuals without intermediaries, although it remains largely unregulated.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Краудфандинг</kwd><kwd>краудфинвестинг</kwd><kwd>краудлендинг</kwd><kwd>пиринговая (одноранговая) сеть</kwd><kwd>P2P-кредитования</kwd><kwd>краудфандинговая платформа</kwd><kwd>оператор платформы</kwd><kwd>донор</kwd><kwd>рецепиент</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Crowdfunding</kwd><kwd>crowdinvesting</kwd><kwd>crowdlending</kwd><kwd>peer-to-peer (P2P) network</kwd><kwd>P2P lending</kwd><kwd>crowdfunding platform</kwd><kwd>platform operator</kwd><kwd>donor</kwd><kwd>recipient</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ronan Gruenbaum (2015): Crowdfunding [Electronic resource] / Making Social Technologies 1. 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