caerCentral Asian Economic ReviewCentral Asian Economic Review2789-43982789-4401Университет Нархоз10.52821/2789-4401-2025-4-39-53caer-1550Research ArticleГОСУДАРСТВО И БИЗНЕС: ТЕОРИЯ И ПРАКТИКА УПРАВЛЕНИЯSTATE AND BUSINESS: THEORY AND PRACTICE OF MANAGEMENTГосударственное управление внешней образовательной миграцией молодежи КазахстанаState governance of external educational migration of Kazakhstani youthhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0422-9710АргынбаеваЖ. Ж.ArgynbayevaZh.

Аргынбаева Жанар Жумагаликызы – PhD, ассоциированный профессор

г. Алматы

Almaty

zhanar.argynbayeva@narxoz.kzНАО «Университет Нархоз»КазахстанNarxoz UniversityKazakhstan202502112025043953Copyright © Аргынбаева Ж.Ж., 20252025Аргынбаева Ж.Ж.Argynbayeva Z.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://caer.narxoz.kz/jour/article/view/1550

Цель исследования - выявление масштабов и особенностей внешней и региональной образовательной миграции молодежи Казахстана, а также обоснование мер государственной политики, позволяющих использовать потенциал образовательной мобильности как фактор устойчивого развития.

Методология

Методология. В исследовании применены методы сравнительного и структурного анализа статистических данных по миграции в разрезе регионов и специальностей, а также контент-анализ государственных программ и нормативных документов, регулирующих миграционную, образовательную и миграционную политику в Казахстане.

Оригинальность исследования. Проведено сопоставление внешней и региональной миграции молодежи Казахстана в единой аналитической рамке. Подход позволяет выявить взаимосвязь между территориальными диспропорциями внутри страны и масштабами «утечки мозгов» за рубеж. Ценность работы заключается в интеграции количественного анализа миграционной статистики и анализа государственной политики, что обеспечивает комплексное понимание миграционных процессов.

Результаты исследования

Результаты исследования. Наибольший отток молодежи наблюдается среди специалистов технического, экономического и педагогического профиля, особенно в северных и восточных регионах Казахстана. Два южных региона и два западных региона, напротив, демонстрируют относительную привлекательность для молодежи. Сравнение положений государственных программ свидетельствует о постепенной адаптации молодежной политики к новым вызовам, однако сохраняются пробелы в удержании специалистов стратегически важных направлений.

Purpose of the study

Purpose of the study. The study aims to identify the scale and specific features of external and regional educational migration of young people in Kazakhstan, and to justify policy measures aimed at transforming educational mobility into a driver of sustainable development.

Methodology

Methodology. The research employs comparative and structural methods of analysis of migration statistics by region and field of study, as well as content analysis of government programs and regulatory documents governing migration, education, and youth policy in Kazakhstan.

Originality

Originality. This study is the first to compare external and regional youth migration in Kazakhstan within a unified analytical framework. The proposed approach reveals the relationship between territorial imbalances within the country and the scale of brain drain abroad. Its value lies in the integration of quantitative migration statistics and public policy analysis, which together provide a comprehensive understanding of migration processes.

Results

Results. The largest outflow of young people is observed in technical, economic, and pedagogical specialties, particularly in the northern and eastern regions of Kazakhstan. In contrast, two southern and two western regions demonstrate a relative capacity to attract young people. A comparison of government programs indicates a gradual adaptation of youth policy to new challenges, although significant gaps remain in retaining specialists in strategically important fields.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.