caerCentral Asian Economic ReviewCentral Asian Economic Review2789-43982789-4401Университет Нархоз10.52821/2789-4401-2024-4-160-172caer-1251Research ArticleГЛОБАЛИЗАЦИЯ И ЦЕНТРАЛЬНАЯ АЗИЯGLOBALIZATION AND CENTRAL ASIAМАТРИЧНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ УЧАСТИЯ КАЗАХСТАНА В ИНИЦИАТИВЕ «ОДИН ПОЯС И ПУТЬ»MATRIX-BASED EXAMINATION OF KAZAKHSTAN'S BELT AND ROAD INITIATIVE PARTICIPATIONhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2193-9418ДжумасейтоваА. К.KenesovnaJ. A.

Алматы

Jumasseitova Assel Kenesovna – candidate of economic sciences, PhD in Management, Professor, Business School

 

a.dzhumaseitova@kbtu.kzЧоудхуриА. П.ChoudhuryA. P.

Кембридж

Arnov Paul Choudhury – MPhil Development Studies candidate

Cambridge

ap2378@cam.ac.ukКазахстанско-Британский технический университетКазахстанКембриджский УниверситетВеликобританияUniversity of CambridgeUnited Kingdom20241411202404160172Copyright © Джумасейтова А.К., Чоудхури А.П., 20242024Джумасейтова А.К., Чоудхури А.П.Kenesovna J.A., Choudhury A.P.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://caer.narxoz.kz/jour/article/view/1251Цель исследования

Цель исследования. Данное исследование направлено на критическое изучение участия Казахстана в китайской инициативе "Один пояс, один путь" (BRI), оспаривая преобладающие реалистические интерпретации и исследуя роль страны в рамках этой масштабной стратегии развития. Анализируя многогранную природу BRI и ее влияние на экономическое развитие Казахстана, исследование стремится обеспечить нюансированное понимание реализации и результатов инициативы.

Методология исследования

Методология исследования. В исследовании используется матричный подход для анализа функций и секторов BRI с особым акцентом на Казахстан. Эта методология включает создание двух комплексных матриц: одной, очерчивающей общую структуру BRI, и другой, специфичной для участия Казахстана. Матрицы были разработаны посредством обширного обзора литературы, консультаций с экспертами и итеративного уточнения. Этот подход позволяет систематически изучать, как различные функции BRI проявляются в разных секторах, предоставляя структурированную основу для понимания масштаба и влияния инициативы.

Оригинальность / ценность исследования. Это исследование вносит вклад в существующую литературу, предлагая конструктивистский взгляд на участие Казахстана в BRI, противодействуя доминирующим реалистическим нарративам. Оригинальность исследования заключается в разработке нового матричного подхода к анализу BRI, который обеспечивает всесторонний и нюансированный взгляд на многогранную природу инициативы. Кроме того, исследование оспаривает распространенные заблуждения о BRI, особенно представления о "дипломатии долговой ловушки" и предполагаемом жестком плане Китая по глобальному доминированию.

Результаты исследования

Результаты исследования. Исследование показывает, что Казахстан эффективно использовал BRI в своих национальных интересах, применяя открытую многовекторную политику для избирательного участия в инициативе. Вопреки реалистическим интерпретациям, исследование обнаруживает, что соглашения между Казахстаном и Китаем основаны на взаимной выгоде и равноправии. Влияние BRI на экономическое развитие Казахстана оценивается как в значительной степени позитивное, способствующее прогрессу страны в различных секторах. Исследование также подчеркивает сложную и менее согласованную динамику реализации BRI. Кроме того, исследование демонстрирует, что финансирование BRI помогает решить проблему инфраструктурного разрыва в развивающихся странах, предлагая альтернативные инвестиционные возможности с меньшим количеством условий, чем традиционные инициативы под руководством Запада.

Purpose

Purpose: This study aims to critically examine Kazakhstan's involvement in China's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), challenging prevailing realist interpretations and exploring the nation's agency within the framework of this expansive development strategy. By analysing the multifaceted nature of the BRI and its impact on Kazakhstan's economic development, the research seeks to provide a nuanced understanding of the initiative's implementation and outcomes.

Research Methodology

Research Methodology: The study employs a matrix approach to analyse the BRI's functions and sectors, with a particular focus on Kazakhstan. This methodology involves the creation of two comprehensive matrices: one delineating the overall BRI framework and another specific to Kazakhstan's engagement. The matrices were developed through an extensive literature review, expert consultations, and iterative refinement. This approach allows for a systematic examination of how various BRI functions manifest across different sectors, providing a structured framework for understanding the initiative's scope and impact.

Originality

Originality: This research contributes to the existing literature by offering a constructivist perspective on Kazakhstan's involvement in the BRI, countering dominant realist narratives. The study's originality lies in its development of a novel matrix approach to BRI analysis, which provides a comprehensive and nuanced view of the initiative's multifaceted nature. Furthermore, the research challenges prevailing misconceptions about the BRI, particularly the notions of 'debt trap diplomacy' and China's purported rigid plan for global dominance.

Research Findings

Research Findings: The study reveals that Kazakhstan has effectively leveraged the BRI to its national advantage, utilising open-ended multi-vector policies to selectively engage with the initiative. Contrary to realist interpretations, the research finds that agreements between Kazakhstan and China are based on mutual benefit and equal footing. The economic development impacts of the BRI on Kazakhstan are found to be largely positive, advancing the nation's progress across various sectors. The study also highlights the complex and less cohesive dynamics of BRI implementation, challenging the notion of a monolithic Chinese strategy. Additionally, the research demonstrates that BRI funding helps address the infrastructure gap in developing nations, offering alternative investment opportunities with fewer conditionalities than traditional Western-led initiatives.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.