<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">caer</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Central Asian Economic Review</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Central Asian Economic Review</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2789-4398</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2789-4401</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Университет Нархоз</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52821/2789-4401-2024-3-114-131</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">caer-1191</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НАЦИОНАЛЬНАЯ ЭКОНОМИКА: ВЕКТОРЫ РАЗВИТИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>NATIONAL ECONOMY: DEVELOPMENT VECTORS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ ИНТЕГРАЦИИ ИСКУССТВЕННОГО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТА В ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ ВОЗОБНОВЛЯЕМЫХ ИСТОЧНИКОВ ЭНЕРГИИ В КАЗАХСТАНЕ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>OPPORTUNITIES OF INTEGRATING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE INTO THE EXPLOITATION OF RENEWABLE ENERGY IN KAZAKHSTAN</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6753-1533</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мергалиева</surname><given-names>Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mergalieva</surname><given-names>L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Уральск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Uralsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5094-9140</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бекетова</surname><given-names>К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Beketova</surname><given-names>K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кызылорда</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kyzylorda</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-096X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Примбетова</surname><given-names>С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Primbetova</surname><given-names>S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Уральск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Uralsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Западно-Казахстанский Университет имени М. Утемисова<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">M. Utemisov West Kazakhstan State University<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Кызылординский университет имени Коркыт ата<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda University<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>09</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>114</fpage><lpage>131</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мергалиева Л., Бекетова К., Примбетова С., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мергалиева Л., Бекетова К., Примбетова С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mergalieva L., Beketova K., Primbetova S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://caer.narxoz.kz/jour/article/view/1191">https://caer.narxoz.kz/jour/article/view/1191</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель данного исследования – изучить возможности искусственного интеллекта при использования возобновляемых источников энергии в Казахстане, выявить потенциальные преимущества, влияния на экономику страны и энергетический сектор, предлагая новый взгляд на эту развивающуюся область.Методология исследования. Данное исследование использует смешанный метод, включающий как систематический обзор, так и комплексные исследовательские методы. Данные собраны через академические базы данных, журналы, анализ литературы и кейс-исследования, которые предлагают практическое понимание применения и результатов проектов по возобновляемой энергии, управляемых искусственным интеллектом в Казахстане.Оригинальность/ценность исследования. Это исследование уникально своим фокусом на пересечении искусственного интеллекта и возобновляемой энергии в контексте Казахстана. Оно предоставляет выводы о том, как новые технологии могут стимулировать экономический рост и устойчивость в развивающейся стране, и предлагает практические стратегии для использования этих возможностей. Исследование вносит значительный вклад в литературу, предоставляя глубокий и всеобъемлющий анализ экономических последствий и стратегических возможностей, связанных с этой интеграцией.Результаты исследования показывают, что применение искусственного интеллекта к возобновляемым источникам энергии в Казахстане может значительно повысить энергоэффективность, снизить затраты и увеличить надежность энергоснабжения. Более того, исследование выявляет несколько ключевых экономических возможностей, включая создание рабочих мест, технологические инновации и потенциал Казахстана стать региональным лидером в области возобновляемой энергии. Однако, исследование также подчеркивает вызовы, такие как необходимость инвестиций в инфраструктуру, обучение и регуляторную поддержку, предоставляя практическую дорожную карту для политиков и профессионалов отрасли. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The purpose of the research is to delve into the intersection of renewable energy sources and artificial intelligence in Kazakhstan. It aims to uncover the potential benefits, challenges, and overall impact on the country's economy and energy sector, oﬀering a fresh perspective on this emerging field.</p><p>Research methodology adopts a mixed-methods approach, incorporating both systematic review and comprehensive research methods. Data is gathered through academic databases, journals, relevant literature analysis, and case studies, which oﬀer practical insights into the applications and outcomes of AI-driven renewable energy projects in Kazakhstan.</p><p>Originality / value of the research is unique in its focus on the intersection of artificial intelligence and renewable energy within the specific context of Kazakhstan. It oﬀers valuable insights into how emerging technologies can drive economic growth and sustainability in a developing country and provides practical strategies for harnessing these opportunities. The study significantly contributes to the literature by providing a deep and comprehensive analysis of the economic implications and strategic opportunities associated with this integration.</p><p>The research findings reveal that the application of artificial intelligence to renewable energy sources in Kazakhstan can significantly enhance energy eﬃciency, reduce costs, and increase the reliability of energy supply. Moreover, it identifies several key economic opportunities, including job creation, technological ad- vancement and the capacity for the state to establish the regional leadership regarding the renewable energy. This study reveals the challenges and requirements for the significant funding into the infrastructure, personnel development, regulatory amendments, setting a roadmap for policymakers and industry professionals.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Возобновляемая энергия</kwd><kwd>искусственный интеллект (ИИ)</kwd><kwd>экономические возможности</kwd><kwd>Казахстан</kwd><kwd>энергоэффективность</kwd><kwd>устойчивое развитие</kwd><kwd>сектор зеленой энергии</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Sustainable development</kwd><kwd>green energy sector</kwd><kwd>AI (artificial intelligence)</kwd><kwd>Republic of Kazakhstan</kwd><kwd>energy eﬃciency</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tokayev K. President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev’s state of the Nation Address, a fair state. One nation. Prosperous Society [Electronic resource] // Oﬃcial website of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan [website]. – 2023. – URL: https://www.akorda.kz/en/president-kassym-jomart-tokayevs-state-of-the-nationaddress-181857 (Accessed: 15.04.2024).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tokayev, K. (2023). President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev’s state of the Nation Address, a fair state. One nation. Prosperous Society. Oﬃcial website of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Retrieved April 15, 2024, from https://www.akorda.kz/en/president-kassym-jomart-tokayevs-state-of-the-nation-address-181857.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kalikov M., Uteyev B.Z., Khajieva A., Torekulova U.A. Green economy as a paradigm of sustainable development of the Republic of Kazakhstan // Journal of Environmental Accounting and Management. – 2020. – 8(3). – P. 281-292.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kalikov, M., Uteyev, B. Z., Khajieva, A., &amp; Torekulova, U. A. (2020). Green economy as a paradigm of sustainable development of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Journal of Environmental Accounting and Management, 8(3), 281-292.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Akhanova G., Nadeem A., Kim J.R., Azhar S. A multi-criteria decision-making framework for building sustainability assessment in Kazakhstan // Sustainable Cities and Society. – 2020. – 52. – Article 101842.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Akhanova, G., Nadeem, A., Kim, J. R., &amp; Azhar, S. (2020). A multi-criteria decision-making framework for building sustainability assessment in Kazakhstan. Sustainable Cities and Society, 52, Article 101842.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wang X., Zheng H., Wang Z., Shan Y., Meng J., Liang X., Feng K., Guan D. Kazakhstan's CO2 emissions in the post-Kyoto Protocol era: Production-and consumption-based analysis // Journal of environmental management. – 2019. – 249. – Article 109393.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wang, X., Zheng, H., Wang, Z., Shan, Y., Meng, J., Liang, X., Feng, K., &amp; Guan, D. (2019). Kazakhstan's CO2 emissions in the post-Kyoto Protocol era: Production-and consumption-based analysis. Journal of Environmental Management, 249, Article 109393.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mukhamediev R. I., Mustakayev R., Yakunin K., Kiseleva S., Gopejenko V. Multi-criteria spatial decision making supportsystem for renewable energy development in Kazakhstan // IEEE Access. – 2019. – 7. – P. 122275-122288.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mukhamediev, R. I., Mustakayev, R., Yakunin, K., Kiseleva, S., &amp; Gopejenko, V. (2019). Multi-criteria spatial decision making support system for renewable energy development in Kazakhstan. IEEE Access, 7, 122275-122288.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hosseini S. E., Abdul Wahid M. Eﬀects of burner configuration on the characteristics of biogas flameless combustion // Combustion Science and Technology. – 2015. – 187(8). – P. 1240-1262.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hosseini, S. E., &amp; Abdul Wahid, M. (2015). Eﬀects of burner configuration on the characteristics of biogas flameless combustion. Combustion Science and Technology, 187(8), 1240-1262.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zheng M., Feng G. F., Jang C. L. and Chang C. P. Terrorism and green innovation in renewable energy // Energy Economics. – 2021. – 104. – Article 105695.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zheng, M., Feng, G. F., Jang, C. L., &amp; Chang, C. P. (2021). Terrorism and green innovation in renewable energy. Energy Economics, 104, Article 105695.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wei W., Zou S., Duan W., Chen Y., Li S., Zhou Y. Spatiotemporal variability in extreme precipitation and associated large-scale climate mechanisms in Central Asia from 1950 to 2019 // Journal of Hydrology. – 2023. – 620. – Article 129417.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wei, W., Zou, S., Duan, W., Chen, Y., Li, S., &amp; Zhou, Y. (2023). Spatiotemporal variability in extreme precipitation and associated large-scale climate mechanisms in Central Asia from 1950 to 2019. Journal of Hydrology, 620, Article 129417.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zahraee S. M., Khademi A., Khademi S., Abdullah A., Ganjbakhsh H. Application of design experiments to evaluate the eﬀectiveness of climate factors on energy saving in green residential buildings // Jurnal Teknologi. – 2014. – 69(5). – P. 107-111.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zahraee, S. M., Khademi, A., Khademi, S., Abdullah, A., &amp; Ganjbakhsh, H. (2014). Application of design experiments to evaluate the eﬀectiveness of climate factors on energy saving in green residential buildings. Jurnal Teknologi, 69(5), 107-111.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Patz J. A., Frumkin H., Holloway T., Vimont D. J., Haines A. Climate change: challenges and opportunities for global health // Jama. – 2014. – 312(15). – P. 1565-1580.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Patz, J. A., Frumkin, H., Holloway, T., Vimont, D. J., &amp; Haines, A. (2014). Climate change: Challenges and opportunities for global health. Jama, 312(15), 1565-1580.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Climate Change 2014: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change / Core Writing Team, R.K. Pachauri and L.A. Meyer (eds.). – IPCC, Geneva, Switzerland, IPCC, 2014. – 151 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Climate Change 2014: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change / Core Writing Team, R.K. Pachauri and L.A. Meyer (eds.). (2014). IPCC, Geneva, Switzerland: IPCC. 151 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">UNFCCC. Kazakhstan, Intended Nationally Determined Contribution ‐ Submission of the Republic of Kazakhstan. – 2015. – 4 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">UNFCCC. (2015). Kazakhstan, Intended Nationally Determined Contribution ‐ Submission of the Republic of Kazakhstan. 4 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">UNFCCC. Report On the Individual Review of the Annual Submission of Kazakhstan Submitted in 2017. – 2019. – FCCC/ARR/2017/KAZ. – 148 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">UNFCCC. (2019). Report On the Individual Review of the Annual Submission of Kazakhstan Submitted in 2017. FCCC/ARR/2017/KAZ. 148 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Russell A., Ghalaieny M., Gazdiyeva B., Zhumabayeva S., Kurmanbayeva A., Akhmetov K.K., Mukanov Y., McCann M., Ali M., Tucker A., Vitolo C. A spatial survey of environmental indicators for Kazakhstan: an examination of current conditions and future needs // International journal of environmental research. – 2018. – 12. – P. 735-748.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Russell, A., Ghalaieny, M., Gazdiyeva, B., Zhumabayeva, S., Kurmanbayeva, A., Akhmetov, K. K., Mukanov, Y., McCann, M., Ali, M., Tucker, A., &amp; Vitolo, C. (2018). A spatial survey of environmental indicators for Kazakhstan: An examination of current conditions and future needs. International Journal of Environmental Research, 12, 735-748.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hepbasli A., Alsuhaibani Z. Estimating and comparing the exergetic solar radiation values of various climate regions for solar energy utilization // Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Eﬀects. – 2014. – 36(7). – P. 764-773.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hepbasli, A., &amp; Alsuhaibani, Z. (2014). Estimating and comparing the exergetic solar radiation values of various climate regions for solar energy utilization. Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Eﬀects, 36(7), 764-773.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Xin-gang Z., You Z. Technological progress and industrial performance: A case study of solar photovoltaic industry // Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. – 2018. – 81. – P. 929-936.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Xin-gang, Z., &amp; You, Z. (2018). Technological progress and industrial performance: A case study of the solar photovoltaic industry. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 81, 929-936.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Witajewski-Baltvilks J., Fischer C. Green Innovation and Economic Growth in a North-South Model // Environmental and Resource Economics. – 2023. – 85(3). – P. 615-648.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Witajewski-Baltvilks, J., &amp; Fischer, C. (2023). Green Innovation and Economic Growth in a NorthSouth Model. Environmental and Resource Economics, 85(3), 615-648.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Alekseeva L., Azar J., Gine M., Samila S., Taska B. The demand for AI skills in the labor market // Labour economics. – 2021. – 71. – Article 102002.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Alekseeva, L., Azar, J., Gine, M., Samila, S., &amp; Taska, B. (2021). The demand for AI skills in the labor market. Labour Economics, 71, Article 102002.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Grashof N., Kopka A. Artificial intelligence and radical innovation: an opportunity for all companies? // Small Business Economics. – 2023. – 61(2). – P. 771-797.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Grashof, N., &amp; Kopka, A. (2023). Artificial intelligence and radical innovation: An opportunity for all companies? Small Business Economics, 61(2), 771-797.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Füller J., Hutter K., Wahl J., Bilgram V., Tekic Z. How AI revolutionizes innovation management– Perceptions and implementation preferences of AI-based innovators. Technological Forecasting and Social Change. – 2022. – 178. – Article 121598.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Füller, J., Hutter, K., Wahl, J., Bilgram, V., &amp; Tekic, Z. (2022). How AI revolutionizes innovation management–Perceptions and implementation preferences of AI-based innovators. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 178, Article 121598.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mishra S., Ewing M.T., Cooper H. B. Artificial intelligence focus and firm performance // Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science. – 2022. – 50(6). – P. 1176-1197.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mishra, S., Ewing, M. T., &amp; Cooper, H. B. (2022). Artificial intelligence focus and firm performance. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 50(6), 1176-1197.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Frías-Paredes L., Mallor F., Gastón-Romeo M., León T. Assessing energy forecasting inaccuracy by simultaneously considering temporal and absolute errors // Energy Conversion and Management. – 2017. – 142. – P. 533-546.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Frías-Paredes, L., Mallor, F., Gastón-Romeo, M., &amp; León, T. (2017). Assessing energy forecasting inaccuracy by simultaneously considering temporal and absolute errors. Energy Conversion and Management, 142, 533-546.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chen Z. M., Chen G. Q. An overview of energy consumption of the globalized world economy // Energy Policy. – 2011. – 39(10). – P. 5920-5928.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chen, Z. M., &amp; Chen, G. Q. (2011). An overview of energy consumption of the globalized world economy. Energy Policy, 39(10), 5920-5928.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sobri S., Koohi-Kamali S., Rahim N. A. Solar photovoltaic generation forecasting methods: A review // Energy conversion and management. – 2018. – 156. – P. 459-497.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sobri, S., Koohi-Kamali, S., &amp; Rahim, N. A. (2018). Solar photovoltaic generation forecasting methods: A review. Energy Conversion and Management, 156, 459-497.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Das U.K., Tey K.S., Seyedmahmoudian M., Mekhilef S., Idris M.Y.I., Van Deventer W., Horan B., Stojcevski A. Forecasting of photovoltaic power generation and model optimization: A review // Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. – 2018. – 81. – P. 912-928.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Das, U. K., Tey, K. S., Seyedmahmoudian, M., Mekhilef, S., Idris, M. Y. I., Van Deventer, W., Horan, B., &amp; Stojcevski, A. (2018). Forecasting of photovoltaic power generation and model optimization: A review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 81, 912-928.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Daut M.A.M., Hassan M.Y., Abdullah H., Rahman H.A., Abdullah M.P., Hussin F. Building electrical energy consumption forecasting analysis using conventional and artificial intelligence methods: A review // Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. – 2017. – 70. – P. 1108-1118.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Daut, M. A. M., Hassan, M. Y., Abdullah, H., Rahman, H. A., Abdullah, M. P., &amp; Hussin, F. (2017). Building electrical energy consumption forecasting analysis using conventional and artificial intelligence methods: A review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 70, 1108-1118.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bhandari B., Lee K.T., Lee G.Y., Cho Y.M., Ahn S.H. Optimization of hybrid renewable energy power systems: A review // International journal of precision engineering and manufacturing-green technology. – 2015. – 2. – P. 99-112.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bhandari, B., Lee, K. T., Lee, G. Y., Cho, Y. M., &amp; Ahn, S. H. (2015). Optimization of hybrid renewable energy power systems: A review. International Journal of Precision Engineering and ManufacturingGreen Technology, 2, 99-112.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhang L., Ling J., Lin M. Artificial intelligence in renewable energy: A comprehensive bibliometric analysis // Energy Reports. – 2022. – 8. – P. 14072-14088.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhang, L., Ling, J., &amp; Lin, M. (2022). Artificial intelligence in renewable energy: A comprehensive bibliometric analysis. Energy Reports, 8, 14072-14088.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Xu J., Assenova A., Erokhin V. Renewable Energy and Sustainable Development in a Resource-Abundant Country: Challenges of Wind Power Generation in Kazakhstan // Sustainability. – 2018. – 10(9). – P. 1-21.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Xu, J., Assenova, A., &amp; Erokhin, V. (2018). Renewable energy and sustainable development in a resource-abundant country: Challenges of wind power generation in Kazakhstan. Sustainability, 10(9), 1-21.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Нургисаева А.А., Таменова С.С. Государственно-частное партнерство в области «Зеленой» экономики мегаполиса // Central Asian Economic Review. – 2022. – 3. – C. 75-87. – DOI: https://doi.org/10.52821/2789-4401-2022-3-75-87.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nurgisaeva, A. A., &amp; Tamenova, S. S. (2022). Gosudarstvenno-chastnoe partnerstvo v oblasti «Zelenoj» ekonomiki megapolisa. Central Asian Economic Review, 3, 75-87. https://doi.org/10.52821/2789-44012022-3-75-87 (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Concept for transition of the Republic of Kazakhstan to Green Economy. Contents, approved by Decree of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan on 20 May 2013 № 557. – Astana, 2013. – 51 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Concept for transition of the Republic of Kazakhstan to Green Economy. Contents, approved by Decree of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan on 20 May 2013 № 557. (2013). Astana. 51 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">PWC. Energy Transition in Kazakhstan – Back to the Sustainable Future. – PwC Kazakhstan, 2023. – 66 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">PWC. (2023). Energy transition in Kazakhstan – Back to the sustainable future. PwC Kazakhstan. 66 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wind Energy in Emerging Markets [Electronic resource] // Global Wind Energy Council (GWEC) [website]. – 2020. – URL: https://www.gwec.net/wind-energy-emerging-markets (Accessed: 28.05.2024).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Global Wind Energy Council (GWEC). (2020). Wind energy in emerging markets. Retrieved May 28, 2024, from https://www.gwec.net/wind-energy-emerging-markets.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">AI and the Future of Energy [Electronic resource] // International Energy Agency (IEA) [website]. – 2021. – URL: https://www.iea.org/ai-future-energy (Accessed: 28.05.2024).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">International Energy Agency (IEA). (2021). AI and the future of energy. Retrieved May 28, 2024, from https://www.iea.org/reports/ai-and-the-future-of-energy.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Company history [Electronic resource] // First Wind Power Station [website]. – 2024. – URL: https://pves.kz/en/company/story (Accessed: 28.05.2024).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">First Wind Power Station. (2024). Company history. Retrieved May 28, 2024, from https://pves.kz/en/company/story.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Integration of Renewable Energy in Kazakhstan [Electronic resource] // National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) [website]. – 2016. – URL: https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy19osti/74216.pdf (Accessed: 28.05.2024).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). (2016). Integration of renewable energy in Kazakhstan. Retrieved May 28, 2024, from https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy19osti/74216.pdf.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Development of renewable energy sources [Electronic resource] // Oﬃcial website of the Ministry of Energy of the Republic of Kazakhstan [website]. – 2021. – URL: https://www.gov.kz/memleket/entities/energo/press/article/details/47382?lang=en. (Accessed: 28.05.2024).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ministry of Energy of the Republic of Kazakhstan. (2021). Development of renewable energy sources. Retrieved May 28, 2024, from https://www.gov.kz/memleket/entities/energo/press/article/details/47382?lang=en.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">The Committee for Artificial Intelligence and Innovation Development has been established in Kazakhstan [Electronic resource] // Налоговый и юридический вестник [website]. – Special edition №233. – PWC, 2024. – URL: https://www.pwc.com/kz/en/pwc-news/ta-reports/tax-legal-alert-fy19/233-may-2024.html (Accessed: 12.05.2024).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">PwC. (2024). The Committee for Artificial Intelligence and Innovation Development has been established in Kazakhstan. Nalogovyj i yuridicheskij vestnik, Special edition №233. Retrieved May 12, 2024, from https://www.pwc.com/kz/en/pwc-news/ta-reports/tax-legal-alert-fy19/233-may-2024.html.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhazetova Zh. Every fifth public service in Kazakhstan is going to be provided with the help of AI by 2029 [Electronic resource] // Kursiv [website]. – 2024. – URL: https://kz.kursiv.media/en/2024-03-18/every-fifthpublic-service-in-kazakhstan-is-going-to-be-provided-with-the-help-of-ai-by-2029/#:~:text=Kazakhstan%20is%20going%20to%20adopt,year%20to%2020%25%20by%202029 (Accessed: 12.05.2024).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhazetova, Zh. (2024). Every fifth public service in Kazakhstan is going to be provided with the help of AI by 2029. Kursiv. Retrieved May 12, 2024, from https://kz.kursiv.media/en/2024-03-18/every-fifth-publicservice-in-kazakhstan-is-going-to-be-provided-with-the-help-of-ai-by-2029/#:~:text=Kazakhstan%20is%20going%20to%20adopt,year%20to%2020%25%20by%202029.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhou Y. Artificial intelligence in renewable systems for transformation towards intelligent buildings // Energy and AI. – 2022. – 10. – Article 100182.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhou, Y. (2022). Artificial intelligence in renewable systems for transformation towards intelligent buildings. Energy and AI, 10, Article 100182.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit41"><label>41</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chatterjee J., Dethlefs N. Scientometric review of artificial intelligence for operations &amp; maintenance of wind turbines: The past, present and future // Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. – 2021. – 144. Article 111051.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chatterjee, J., &amp; Dethlefs, N. (2021). Scientometric review of artificial intelligence for operations &amp; maintenance of wind turbines: The past, present and future. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 144, Article 111051.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit42"><label>42</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhang G., Jin Y., Wang B. Application of artificial intelligence and communication technology to water and energy balance models // Water Supply. – 2023. – 23(7). – P. 2847-2864.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhang, G., Jin, Y., &amp; Wang, B. (2023). Application of artificial intelligence and communication technology to water and energy balance models. Water Supply, 23(7), 2847-2864.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit43"><label>43</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Khare V., Bhuiyan M. A. Tidal energy-path towards sustainable energy: A technical review // Cleaner Energy Systems. – 2022. – 3. – Article 100041.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Khare, V., &amp; Bhuiyan, M. A. (2022). Tidal energy-path towards sustainable energy: A technical review. Cleaner Energy Systems, 3, Article 100041.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit44"><label>44</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Liao M., Yao Y. Applications of artificial intelligence‐based modeling for bioenergy systems: A review // GCB Bioenergy. – 2021. – 13(5). – P. 774-802.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Liao, M., &amp; Yao, Y. (2021). Applications of artificial intelligence‐based modeling for bioenergy systems: A review. GCB Bioenergy, 13(5), 774-802.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit45"><label>45</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Moraga J., Duzgun H.S., Cavur M., Soydan H. The geothermal artificial intelligence for geothermal exploration // Renewable Energy. – 2022. – 192. – P. 134-149.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Moraga, J., Duzgun, H. S., Cavur, M., &amp; Soydan, H. (2022). The geothermal artificial intelligence for geothermal exploration. Renewable Energy, 192, 134-149.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
